How does the microphone change sound into an electrical signal? The operating principle describes the type of transducer inside the microphone. It is the part of the microphone that actually picks up sound and converts it into an electrical signal. The operating principle determines some of the basic capabilities of the microphone. There are six key types of microphone:
All employ different mechanisms to convert sound energy to electrical energy. Hence all have different advantages and disadvantages. You will hence need to choose the right type of microphone for the right type of application.
